Upgrade Externals May 2025

[Aiden2244]

Follow Semi-automated monthly upgrades documentation.

Prior Issue (April): #22836

• [setup] Upgrade Bazel to latest release 8.2.1 #22929
• [setup] Upgrade python venv (mac) to latest #22984
• Upgrade Externals May 2025 #22964
• [workspace] Upgrade curl_internal to latest release 8.13.0 #22965
• [workspace] Upgrade gtest to latest release v1.17.0 #22972
• [workspace] Upgrade openusd_internal to latest v25.05 #22969
• [workspace] Upgrade vtk_internal to latest commit #23038
• [workspace] Upgrade osqp_internal,qdldl_internal to latest #22870

[jwnimmer-tri]

Remaining tasks are already broken out / delegated.