[refactor] Simplify startup code

exist-core/src/main/java/org/exist/repo/ClasspathHelper.java

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.exist.SystemProperties;
-import org.exist.start.Classpath;
-import org.exist.start.EXistClassLoader;
+import org.exist.start.classloader.Classpath;
+import org.exist.start.classloader.EXistClassLoader;
 import org.exist.storage.BrokerPool;
 import org.exist.storage.BrokerPoolService;
 import org.expath.pkg.repo.FileSystemStorage;

exist-core/src/main/java/org/exist/test/ExistEmbeddedServer.java

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.exist.EXistException;
-import org.exist.start.Classpath;
-import org.exist.start.EXistClassLoader;
+import org.exist.start.classloader.Classpath;
+import org.exist.start.classloader.EXistClassLoader;
 import org.exist.storage.BrokerPool;
 import org.exist.storage.journal.Journal;
 import org.exist.util.Configuration;

exist-core/src/main/java/org/exist/webstart/JnlpJarFiles.java

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
-import org.exist.start.LatestFileResolver;
 import org.exist.util.FileUtils;
 
 /**

exist-start/src/main/java/org/exist/start/LatestFileResolver.java → exist-core/src/main/java/org/exist/webstart/LatestFileResolver.java

@@ -19,62 +19,61 @@
  * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
  */
-package org.exist.start;
+package org.exist.webstart;
+
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+import org.exist.util.FileUtils;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
+import static org.exist.util.FileUtils.fileName;
+
 /**
  * This class uses regex pattern matching to find the latest version of a
- * particular jar file. 
- * 
- * @see LatestFileResolver#getResolvedFileName(String)
- * 
+ * particular jar file.
+ *
  * @author Ben Schmaus (exist@benschmaus.com)
  * @version $Revision$
+ * @see org.exist.webstart.LatestFileResolver#getResolvedFileName(String)
  */
 public class LatestFileResolver {
 
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = LogManager.getLogger();
+
     // Pattern that can be used to indicate that the
     // latest version of a particular file should be added to the classpath.
     // E.g., commons-fileupload-%latest%.jar would resolve to something like
     // commons-fileupload-1.1.jar.
-    private final static Pattern latestVersionPattern = Pattern.compile(
-        "(%latest%)"
-    );
-
-    // Set debug mode for each file resolver instance based on whether or
-    // not the system was started with debugging turned on.
-    private static boolean _debug = Boolean.getBoolean("exist.start.debug");
-
+    private static final Pattern LATEST_VERSION_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("(%latest%)");
+
     /**
      * If the passed file name contains a %latest% token,
      * find the latest version of that file. Otherwise, return
      * the passed file name unmodified.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param filename Path relative to exist home dir of
-     * a jar file that should be added to the classpath.
+     *                 a jar file that should be added to the classpath.
      * @return Resolved filename.
      */
     public String getResolvedFileName(final String filename) {
-        final Matcher matches = latestVersionPattern.matcher(filename);
+        final Matcher matches = LATEST_VERSION_PATTERN.matcher(filename);
         if (!matches.find()) {
             return filename;
         }
+
         final String[] fileinfo = filename.split("%latest%");
         // Path of file up to the beginning of the %latest% token.
         final String uptoToken = fileinfo[0];
 
-        // Dir that should contain our jar.
-        final String containerDirName = uptoToken.substring(
-            0, uptoToken.lastIndexOf(File.separatorChar)
-        );
+        // Directory that should contain our jar.
+        final String containerDirName = uptoToken.substring(0, uptoToken.lastIndexOf(File.separatorChar));
 
         final Path containerDir = Paths.get(containerDirName);
 
@@ -84,35 +83,25 @@ public String getResolvedFileName(final String filename) {
         final Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(patternString);
         final Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher("");
 
-        List<Path> jars;
         try {
-             jars = Main.list(containerDir, p -> {
-                matcher.reset(Main.fileName(p));
+            final List<Path> jars = FileUtils.list(containerDir, p -> {
+                matcher.reset(fileName(p));
                 return matcher.find();
             });
-        } catch (final IOException e) {
-            System.err.println("ERROR: No jars found in " + containerDir.toAbsolutePath());
-            e.printStackTrace();
-            jars = Collections.emptyList();
-        }
 
-        if (!jars.isEmpty()) {
-            final String actualFileName = jars.getFirst().toAbsolutePath().toString();
-            if (_debug) {
-                System.err.println(
-                    "Found match: " + actualFileName
-                    + " for jar file pattern: " + filename
-                );
-            }
-            return actualFileName;
-        } else {
-            if (_debug) {
-                System.err.println(
-                    "WARN: No latest version found for JAR file: '"
-                    + filename + "'"
-                );
+            if (jars.isEmpty()) {
+                LOGGER.warn("WARN: No latest version found for JAR file: '{}'", filename);
+
+            } else {
+                final String actualFileName = jars.getFirst().toAbsolutePath().toString();
+                LOGGER.debug("Found match: {} for jar file pattern: {}", actualFileName, filename);
+                return actualFileName;
             }
+
+        } catch (final IOException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("No jars found in {}. Reason: {}", containerDir.toAbsolutePath(), e.getMessage(), e);
         }
+
         return filename;
-    }    
+    }
 }

exist-distribution/pom.xml

@@ -1057,7 +1057,7 @@
                             <identifier>org.exist.start.Main</identifier>
                             <mainClassName>org.exist.start.Main</mainClassName>
                             <executableName>eXist-JavaAppLauncher</executableName>
-                            <jvmRequired>1.8</jvmRequired>
+                            <jvmRequired>21</jvmRequired>
                             <minimumSystemVersion>10.9</minimumSystemVersion>
                             <version>${project.version}</version>
                             <shortVersion>${project.version}</shortVersion>

exist-service/src/main/java/org/exist/service/ExistDbDaemon.java

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public class ExistDbDaemon implements Daemon {
     private String[] args = null;
 
     private void init(final String args[]) {
-        this.main = new Main("jetty");
+        this.main = new Main(Main.MODE_JETTY);
         this.args = args;
     }
 
@@ -65,12 +65,12 @@ public void start() throws Exception {
         runArgs[0] = MODE_JETTY;
         System.arraycopy(args, 0, runArgs, 1, args.length);
 
-        this.main.runEx(runArgs);
+        this.main.startExistdb(runArgs);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void stop() throws Exception {
-        this.main.shutdownEx();
+        this.main.shutdownExistdb();
     }
 
     @Override

exist-start/pom.xml

@@ -76,9 +76,7 @@
                             -->
                             <excludes>
                                 <exclude>Mortbay-APACHE-2-license.template.txt</exclude>
-                                <exclude>src/main/java/org/exist/start/Classpath.java</exclude>
-                                <exclude>src/main/java/org/exist/start/Main.java</exclude>
-                                <exclude>src/main/java/org/exist/start/Version.java</exclude>
+                                <exclude>src/main/java/org/exist/start/classloader/Classpath.java</exclude>
                             </excludes>
 
                         </licenseSet>
@@ -95,9 +93,7 @@ The original license statement is also included below.]]></preamble>
                             </multi>
                             <excludes />
                             <includes>
-                                <include>src/main/java/org/exist/start/Classpath.java</include>
-                                <include>src/main/java/org/exist/start/Main.java</include>
-                                <include>src/main/java/org/exist/start/Version.java</include>
+                                <include>src/main/java/org/exist/start/classloader/Classpath.java</include>
                             </includes>
                         </licenseSet>
 

exist-start/src/main/java/org/exist/start/CompatibleJavaVersionCheck.java

@@ -24,37 +24,49 @@
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
-import static org.exist.start.CompatibleJavaVersionCheck.IncompatibleJavaVersion.IncompatibleJavaVersion;
+import static org.exist.start.CompatibleJavaVersionCheck.IncompatibleJavaVersion.create;
 import static org.exist.start.Main.ERROR_CODE_INCOMPATIBLE_JAVA_DETECTED;
 
+/**
+ * Helper class for checking OpenJDK compatibility.
+ * <p>
+ * eXist-db has been compiled with Java21 (state of 2025Q2).
+ * <p>
+ * Older versions of Java contained a number of serious compiler bugs that caused database corruptions.
+ * These problematic versions are deprecated and therefore this class is not relevant anymore.
+ * <p>
+ * The code is kept for archival purposes and potential future re-usage.
+ * <p>
+ * ----------------------------
+ * <p>
+ * OpenJDK versions 12 through 15.0.1 suffer from a critical bug in the JIT C2 compiler that will
+ * cause data loss in eXist-db. The problem has been reported to the OpenJDK community.
+ * <p>
+ * For more information, see:
+ * - <a href="https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8253191">C2: Masked byte comparisons with large masks produce wrong result on x86</a>
+ * - <a href="https://github.com/eXist-db/exist/issues/3375">eXist-db does not run correctly on JDKs 12, 13, 14 and 15 #3375</a>
+ *
+ *
+ */
 public class CompatibleJavaVersionCheck {
 
     private static final IncompatibleJavaVersion[] INCOMPATIBLE_JAVA_VERSIONS = {
-            IncompatibleJavaVersion(12),
-            IncompatibleJavaVersion(13),
-            IncompatibleJavaVersion(14),
-            IncompatibleJavaVersion(15, 0, 2)
+            create(12),
+            create(13),
+            create(14),
+            IncompatibleJavaVersion.create(15, 0, 2),
     };
 
     private static final String INCOMPATIBLE_JAVA_VERSION_NOTICE =
-            "*****************************************************%n" +
-            "Warning: Unreliable Java version has been detected!%n" +
-            "%n" +
-            "OpenJDK versions 12 through 15.0.1 suffer from a critical%n" +
-            " bug in the JIT C2 compiler that will cause data loss in%n" +
-            "eXist-db.%n" +
-            "%n" +
-            "The problem has been reported to the OpenJDK community.%n" +
-            "%n" +
-            "For more information, see:%n" +
-            "\t* https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8253191%n" +
-            "\t* https://github.com/eXist-db/exist/issues/3375%n" +
-            "%n" +
-            "The detected version of Java on your system is: %s.%n" +
-            "%n" +
-            "To prevent potential data loss, eXist-db will not be started.%n" +
-            "To start eXist-db, we recommend using Java 8 or 11.%n" +
-            "*****************************************************";
+            "*****************************************************%n"
+            + "Incorrect version of Java detected!%n"
+            + "%n"
+            + "The detected version of Java on your system is: %s.%n"
+            + "%n"
+            + "eXist-db has been developed and qualified using Java 21.%n"
+            + "%n"
+            + "Newer versions of Java might or might not work correctly.%n"
+            + "*****************************************************";
 
     private static final Optional<String> RUNTIME_JAVA_VERSION = Optional.ofNullable(System.getProperty("java.version"));
 
@@ -71,16 +83,18 @@
     static void checkForCompatibleJavaVersion(final Optional<String> checkJavaVersion) throws StartException {
         final Optional<int[]> maybeJavaVersionComponents = extractJavaVersionComponents(checkJavaVersion);
 
-        if (!maybeJavaVersionComponents.isPresent()) {
+        if (maybeJavaVersionComponents.isEmpty()) {
             // Could not determine major java version, so best to let the user proceed...
             return;
         }
 
         // check for incompatible java version
         final int[] javaVersionComponents = maybeJavaVersionComponents.get();
         final int majorJavaVersion = javaVersionComponents[0];
-        /* @Nullable */ final Integer minorJavaVersion = javaVersionComponents.length > 1 ? javaVersionComponents[1] : null;
-        /* @Nullable */ final Integer patchJavaVersion = javaVersionComponents.length > 2 ? javaVersionComponents[2] : null;
+        /* @Nullable */
+        final Integer minorJavaVersion = javaVersionComponents.length > 1 ? javaVersionComponents[1] : null;
+        /* @Nullable */
+        final Integer patchJavaVersion = javaVersionComponents.length > 2 ? javaVersionComponents[2] : null;
 
         for (final IncompatibleJavaVersion incompatibleJavaVersion : INCOMPATIBLE_JAVA_VERSIONS) {
             // compare major versions
@@ -104,7 +118,8 @@
                 }
 
                 // version is NOT compatible!
-                throw new StartException(ERROR_CODE_INCOMPATIBLE_JAVA_DETECTED, String.format(INCOMPATIBLE_JAVA_VERSION_NOTICE, RUNTIME_JAVA_VERSION));
+                throw new StartException(ERROR_CODE_INCOMPATIBLE_JAVA_DETECTED,
+                        String.format(INCOMPATIBLE_JAVA_VERSION_NOTICE, RUNTIME_JAVA_VERSION.orElse("UKNOWN")));
             }
 
             // version is compatible
@@ -131,22 +146,22 @@
         /* @Nullable */  final Integer lessThanMinor;
         /* @Nullable */ final Integer lessThanPatch;
 
-        private IncompatibleJavaVersion(final int major, /* @Nullable */ Integer lessThanMinor, /* @Nullable */ Integer lessThanPatch) {
+        private IncompatibleJavaVersion(final int major, /* @Nullable */ final Integer lessThanMinor, /* @Nullable */ final Integer lessThanPatch) {
             this.major = major;
             this.lessThanMinor = lessThanMinor;
             this.lessThanPatch = lessThanPatch;
         }
 
-        public static IncompatibleJavaVersion IncompatibleJavaVersion(final int major, /* @Nullable */ Integer lessThanMinor, /* @Nullable */ Integer lessThanPatch) {
+        public static IncompatibleJavaVersion create(final int major, /* @Nullable */ final Integer lessThanMinor, /* @Nullable */ final Integer lessThanPatch) {
             return new IncompatibleJavaVersion(major, lessThanMinor, lessThanPatch);
         }
 
-        public static IncompatibleJavaVersion IncompatibleJavaVersion(final int major, /* @Nullable */ Integer lessThanMinor) {
-            return IncompatibleJavaVersion(major, lessThanMinor, null);
+        public static IncompatibleJavaVersion create(final int major, /* @Nullable */ final Integer lessThanMinor) {
+            return new IncompatibleJavaVersion(major, lessThanMinor, null);
         }
 
-        public static IncompatibleJavaVersion IncompatibleJavaVersion(final int major) {
-            return IncompatibleJavaVersion(major, null, null);
+        public static IncompatibleJavaVersion create(final int major) {
+            return new IncompatibleJavaVersion(major, null, null);
         }
     }
 }