port-name-suffix: handle ref direction and all-underscore names

verible/verilog/analysis/checkers/port-name-suffix-rule.cc

@@ -90,10 +90,14 @@ bool PortNameSuffixRule::IsSuffixCorrect(std::string_view suffix,
        {"output", {"o", "no", "po"}},
        {"inout", {"io", "nio", "pio"}}};
 
-  // At this point it is guaranteed that the direction will be set to
-  // one of the expected values (used as keys in the map above).
-  // Therefore checking the suffix like this is safe
-  return suffixes.at(direction).count(suffix) == 1;
+  // `direction` is usually one of the map keys, but the grammar also permits a
+  // `ref` port direction, which has no suffix convention. Look the direction up
+  // safely and treat an unknown direction as "correct" (no violation),
+  // consistent with Violation() which also ignores non-input/output/inout
+  // directions. Using std::map::at() here would throw on e.g. "ref".
+  const auto it = suffixes.find(direction);
+  if (it == suffixes.end()) return true;
+  return it->second.count(suffix) == 1;
 }
 
 void PortNameSuffixRule::HandleSymbol(const Symbol &symbol,
@@ -113,8 +117,11 @@ void PortNameSuffixRule::HandleSymbol(const Symbol &symbol,
         absl::StrSplit(name, '_', absl::SkipEmpty());
 
     if (name_parts.size() < 2) {
-      // No suffix at all
+      // No suffix at all. This also covers an all-underscore name (e.g. "_"),
+      // for which SkipEmpty leaves name_parts empty; return here so the
+      // name_parts.back() access below is not reached on an empty vector.
       Violation(direction, token, context);
+      return;
     }
 
     if (!IsSuffixCorrect(name_parts.back(), direction)) {

verible/verilog/analysis/checkers/port-name-suffix-rule_test.cc

@@ -57,6 +57,9 @@ TEST(PortNameSuffixRuleTest, AcceptTests) {
       {"module t (input bit name_i); endmodule;"},
       {"module t (output bit abc_o); endmodule;"},
       {"module t (inout bit xyz_io); endmodule;"},
+      // A `ref` port has no suffix convention and must not be flagged (and must
+      // not crash the rule via std::map::at).
+      {"module t (ref logic data_x); endmodule;"},
       {"module t (input logic name_i,\n"
        "output logic abc_o,\n"
        "inout logic xyz_io,\n"
@@ -90,6 +93,10 @@ TEST(PortNameSuffixRuleTest, RejectTests) {
       {"module t (output logic ", {kToken, "_o"}, "); endmodule;"},
       {"module t (inout logic ", {kToken, "_io"}, "); endmodule;"},
 
+      // An all-underscore name splits (SkipEmpty) to an empty parts list; it
+      // must report a suffix violation, not dereference an empty vector.
+      {"module t (input logic ", {kToken, "_"}, "); endmodule;"},
+
       {"module t (input logic ", {kToken, "namei"}, "); endmodule;"},
       {"module t (input logic ", {kToken, "nam_ei"}, "); endmodule;"},
       {"module t (input logic ", {kToken, "name_o"}, "); endmodule;"},