Add bazel build support

[shameekganguly]

🎉 New feature

Summary

Adds bazel build support for gz-sensors. The bzlmod setup is similar to sdformat (added in gazebosim/sdformat#1493).

Also adds bazel CI.

Some include paths in test/test_config.hh and src/DopplerVelocityLog.cc had to be adjusted to satisfy layering check.

Test it

$ bazel test :all
$ bazel build --action_env=CC=/usr/bin/clang  :all

Checklist

• Signed all commits for DCO
• Added tests
• Added example and/or tutorial
• Updated documentation (as needed)
• Updated migration guide (as needed)
• Consider updating Python bindings (if the library has them)
• codecheck passed (See contributing)
• All tests passed (See test coverage)
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[mjcarroll]

Not needed in this PR, but moving to @gz-common//testing should help get rid of this header.

[shameekganguly]

Good call, I'll open a fix.