ci(build-and-test): add jazzy to build-and-test matrix

[xmfcx]

• Parent Issue: Add build-and-test-differential checks for ROS 2 Jazzy as well #375
• Add ROS 2 Jazzy to the build-and-test workflow matrix alongside Humble
• Remove CUDA container variants (no packages in autoware_tools use CUDA/TensorRT)
• Switch to ubuntu-latest runner and upgrade actions/checkout to v6

Why

autoware_tools only had Humble CI, while autoware_core and autoware_universe already build for both Humble and Jazzy. This adds Jazzy coverage to prevent regressions on the newer ROS distribution.

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• Part of Add build-and-test-differential checks for ROS 2 Jazzy as well #375 (covers the build-and-test workflow; differential workflows to follow)

Test plan

• Verify the workflow runs successfully for both humble and jazzy matrix entries after merge
  • Dispatch run: https://github.com/autowarefoundation/autoware_tools/actions/runs/23807996474
• Check that codecov flags appear as total-humble and total-jazzy

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[xmfcx]

Triggered build-and-test workflow on this branch via dispatch:
https://github.com/autowarefoundation/autoware_tools/actions/runs/23807996474

[xmfcx]

https://github.com/autowarefoundation/autoware_tools/actions/runs/23807996474/job/69386826184#step:6:34339

humble passed and jazzy failed at expected place.

• fix(planning_data_analyzer): avoid GCC 13 false-positive stringop-overread in test #388 is aimed to fix it.

[xmfcx]

@mitsudome-r could you review?