Prepositions

“Prepositions are among the most idiosyncratic words of any language. Often it is impossible to translate the prepositions of one language exactly into those of another.”
Given this observation by a wise Egyptologist it is even more astonishing that we can grasp most Egyptian prepositions just by looking at their alphabetic values, at least if we know some German and very basic Spanish and (à) French:

𓏏 t to, at, ata
𓈖 n an (of, belonging to, for), on, na’ (nach, to), in (time), ana 𒀀𒈾 ,ina 𒀸,𓈖
𓂋 r à (french) at, re, vers, towards, as for, from, so that, to, until
𓂜 nə no negation (also 𓂜𓈖 non, not 𓂜𓏏 anti- ⲁⲧ- , ⲁⲑ-)
𓏇 milk* ꟿi ⋍ wie / like / similak similar misma
𓅓 'm':
𓅓 im: in, en, ɘn, im
𓅓 mi: mit=com=with
𓅓 im: gerund prefix ⋍ing (im Tanze —> dancing)
𓅓 µo: negation at start of sentence
𓅓 mano 𓂜 negation (keltic/gaelic) Schlitten shitem 𓏏𓍃𓅓 ϣⲧⲉⲙ don’t …
𓅓𓅓⇨𓅔 ‘mn': among (𓅓𓅓𓂝 etc variants giving the ‘o’)

We postulate either an ambiguity* or trisonant reading of '𓅓' ✴Amber
1.) M
2.) P'R «bird»

The second reading covers nicely the European prepositional megacluster of
𓅓𓅨 ✴ƥ’r: per, par, para, peri, prä, pro, for, für, über, hyper, super, over, pre, prä, vor, fore, 𓅓𓂝 fro’ from ≠ 𓅖

Which itself connects with the semitic mega cluster C-V-R (meaning cover ...)

𓁷 [ob/Hr] cObHerr 𓁷 Ober, ob, auf, up, upon, on, and, ob⇨because (german)
𓁶 ✴ƥ’rs first 𓁶𓏤𓈖 presence phrs ⇨ face
𓁶 top , atop
𓁷 *head ⇨ at ⇦chat ⇔ 𓄂𓏏

combined:
𓈖𓏏 ante(Latin) an-to towards …
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḫand : and with
𓎛𓂝𓈖 ḫon, con, com, comme (with + and)
𓄂𓏏 cḫat head
𓄂𓏏 pḫanthr ⋍ front
𓄖 back heck hock
𓏅𓈖𓏏 front / Kante [xnt] 𓏅 FNT/PNT/5 vs 𓏃 FORe/FRo/FROm/FROnt/fourth/4
𓏅𓈖𓏏𓏮 fronty (adj.) frontier, foremost, pre-eminent in, principal, protruding
𓐍𓆑𓏏 zufacein' front, in front of, towards, according to, as well as, corresponding to, “katzen” ⋍ 面 miàn ?
𓅓 𓏅𓈖𓏏 im front: in the face of, within, out of, throughout, pervading {M3 Aa1 X1 D54}
𓆱𓐍𓏏𓂻 achter (behind) [xtx] 𓆱𓏏𓆱𓆱𓏤 through
𓂋𓇉𓄿𓁶 rear behind, hinder hinter
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓏏 **hind-*𓂾 hinter hinder ⋍ 𓎛𓆰𓈖𓎛𓂽 hinder = detain ⇔ Schindbein 𓆓𓈖𓎛𓂾
𓏏𓏏𓏝 toute / total not to be confused with
𓏏𓏏 ‘that’ or 𓏏𓏏 tit 𓂑𓂑 = 𓃀𓏏𓄹 (bust/breast)

[Hr] 𓁷𓂋 ob/car(french) since, over, before, until, kartam ⇔
[Kr] 𓇥𓂋 corear, corner (at an end), carry offer⇨over (done) 𓇥𓂋𓀜 hinder¿
[Xr] 𓌨𓂋 under charge/care of, carrying* (holding, possessing) ⋍ 𓎡𓂋 ⋍
[xr] 𓐍𓂋 sûr, share, carry with, near, kartam, under (a king), to, by (of agent)
All related to greek and german 'gar', see also Interrogatives

⇔ circa?

𓇋 𓅱 𓂜 𓍘 𓇋 anti (what is not)

𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḫeno ham@Persian 和 hé 河hé=𓈖 还 hái (Chilli con carne etc)

Sumerian prepositions

𒊏 ᵖra ≈ 𓂋 à "for, to" dative 𒂊 e ≈ 𓂋 à "at, near, up to" locative ≠ 𓏏 𓎡 𓈖 𓂻 near 𒂊 ᵏe ≈ 𓂋 kar ! 𓐍 𓂋 | (preposition) near, with, under, by | <> 𒂊 ᵇe 𒋫 ta ≈ de "from" ablative 𓅖 <> 𐀳 te -θεν then dannen "of, away from a place(ablative)" 𓏏 to, at
𒂠 še₃ ≈ zu "to, toward" terminative 𓐍 𓏏 𓆑 ≈ •šetv 𒁕 da ≈ et "with" ʷᶥda comitative 𓂞 ≈ 𓎛 𓈖 𓂝 •ḫanda ≈ 𓐍 𓏏 𓆑 ḫada𓆑 𒀀 ã mû ≈ à / en / im 𓅓 "in, into" locative 𓈖 <> 𓅖 𒁺 GIN ≈ con comme "like, as" equative

Sumero - Akkadian prepositions

𒊭…𒅗 ša…ka zu…gegen genitiv 𒊭 𒈠𒈬𒁕 𒅗 šà mamuda ka "dreaming; im Traum" 𒋚 šà?

𒅆…𒅗 igi…ka gegen face(ing) + genitiv 𒅆 𒋢𒂵𒇴𒈠 𒅗 igi šúgalamma ka "vor dem Tor" 𒋙?
𒅆…𒋗 igi…šù 𒅆 𒍪 igi zu šù "vor Dich hin" ( 𒋙 𒂠 other šù ? )
𒅆… igi… gegen… facing… 𒅆 𒍪 igi zu "against you; in front of you"

𒂇 AGA 𒂆 AGA₃ 𒀀𒂵 a-gaʳ achter "after, (be)hind…" ≈
𒂕 EĜER EĜIR ≈ 𓆱 𓐍 𓏏 aghter after 𓇥 𓂋 𓀜 אחרית ʼachărîyth rear, end #arkatu

𒌋 UGU 𒌋𒅗 augh auf over upon 𒌋𒈨𒂗 ugu me-en "auf uns"

𒊕 SAG 𒊕 𒊮𒂵𒉈𒆤 SAG ŠÀ-GA-NE-GÈ "on top of his heart" ⇔ super

𒋝 SIG aşağı ˢlow
𒋝 SIG 𒋝…𒋙 sous 𒋝𒁀 sub… zu Füssen 𒋟 under(neath) …

𒆠 ki quo "where" quo vadis "where do you go" 𒆠 𒀠𒁺𒀀 ki ʷal-du-a "wo er waltet"

𒆠 kiᵐ com "with" 𒆠𒈬𒄖 ki-mu-gu ‘com ego’ "with me"
𒆠…𒄰 ki…kam com 𒆠𒀭𒌓𒄰 ki' ᴰᵉᵒ Babar kam "with the Sungod"
𒆠…𒅗 ki…ka "and with" -que
𒆠 medina "mit"
𒆠…𒋗 ki…šù ‘zu’ "to" (local and temporal)
𒆠 ki kiᵐ zu-e-ne-ne "with yous" (thine sen 𓍿𓈖𓏥)

𒁕 da 𓂞 side da-bi "with him" ⚠️ 𓎛𓈖𓂝

𒈬 mu um … im Namen 𒈬𒁉𒀀 "um seinetwillen; in seinem Namen"

𒌓 ud at ante da … "when"
𒌓 ude -''-
𒂗…𒌓 en…uda "when that …" while
𒂗…𒀸 ena…áš "in (der Zeit) als"

𒋗𒃻𒌉𒇲𒁉 ŠU.GAR DUMU ᶠLA₂ BI «sogar dann falls wenn» "if, when"
𒋗𒃻𒌉𒇲𒁉 ŠU.GAR.TUR.LAL.BI #tukumbi #šumma "if, when"

…𒈾 (e)na ¬not "ohne" za-e-na "except you"

Akkadian prepositions

𒁕 da de 的（to,at,et,of,with) attribute prefix or suffix

Coptic prepositions

ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ- from off, from ⲉⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ϩⲓ- down from off ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ϩⲓ down from ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ ϩⲓ upon, in ϩⲁⲛϩⲟ from face, away from ϩⲁ prep. up to ϧⲉⲛ prep. up from